Carbureter.



J. PETERSON.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED'DEO. 17, 1909. 979 555 Patented Dec. 27, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Maw. y,

J. PETERSON.

GARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.17, 1909.

Patented Dec. 27, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

JONATHAN PETERSON, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YUBK.

CARIBURETER.

erases,

Specification of Letters l etent.

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Application filed December 17, met). Serial No. 533,560.

, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and use-,

ful Carburetor, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improvement in carbureters.

Certain types of carburetors heretofore used have been provided with an auxiliary air intake controlled by a valve normally held closed by a very weak spring. When an engine in connection with which the car.- bureter is used is running at a high rate of speed or developing unusual power, the suction set up in the cylinders operates to open the auxiliary air valve more or less and thus admit more or less air to the mixing chamber. Such devices, however, have no means for accurately controlling the flow of the gasolene under the varying suction.

l t is one of the objects of the present invention, therefore, to provide means cooperatin-g with the fluid and air feeds to vary the flow of the fluid in accordance with the variations of the air feed so that the correct quantity of gasolene in proportion to the quantity of air will always flow to the mixing chamber.

It is another object to provide a device of this character in which the fiuidregulator is directly operated by the air feed.

Another object is to provide a mixing chamber whereby a more perfect mixture of the varying quantities of fluid and air is obtained.

Still another objectis to provide an improved spraying or mixing device.

With these and other objects not specifically mentioned in View, the invention consists in certain constructions and combinations which will be hereinafter fully described and then specifically pointed out in .the claims hereunto appended.

In the accompanying drawings which form a part of this specification and in which like characters of reference indicate the same parts, Figure 1 is a central sectional view of a device constructed in accordance with the invention, Fig. 2 is a $420 tional plan view taken on the line 2 2 in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 'isa sectional plan view taken on the line 3-3 in Fig. 1, and Fig i is a fragmentary view of a partof the structure shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

In carrying the invention into eii'ect, there is provided a shell 1 shaped to include a float chamber 2 in which is located an annular float 3 of cork or other suitable material which may bestrength'ened by a bush 4 of copper or other metal in a manner well known in the art. in open communication with the annular float-chamber 2 is a recess 5 in which is mounted a needle valve 6 providedwith a set of adjusting nuts 7 .anda spring 8 operating to normally kee the valve seatedv in closed position. The ower end of the needle valve is flattened as shown in Figs. 3 and 7 and arranged to reciprocats in a circular hole 9 formed in the base of the recess 5 before referred to. This hole 9 is in communication with a smaller hole.

10 extending from the base of the hole 9 to a chamber 11. The base of'the hole 9 forms a seat for the valve 6 whereby the flow of fluid through the hole 9 is controlled. Within the chamber 11 is located a conical strainer 12 of wire gauze, held in position by means of a spring. 13 which in turn is positioned by a screw plug1 nipple 15 is provided to whic is connected a suitable pipe for conducting fluid from a suitable source of supply to the'chamber 11.

The upper end of thevalve 6 projects through a plug 16 screwed intofthe shell 1 over the recess 5. This plug is provided with an air vent 17 in the usual way. For the purpose of controlling the flow of the fluid into the float chamber, there is provided a lever 17, fulcrumed at 18, one arm of the same resting against the under side of the float 3 and the opposite arm resting under the adjusting nuts 7 before referred to. The spring 8 is too light to resist the force exerted by the tloatwhen it drops. It will be readily understood therefore that when the fluid level within the float chamber falls, the float also falls and the needle valve will be raised to permit more iluid to flow into the recess 5 and chamber 2.

Leading downward from one side of the float chamber 2 is a passage 19 terminating in a right angle bend at 20. In the lower part of this passage is fitted a plug 21 havmg a central aperture 22 and transverse apertures 23 in communication with the central aperture and the interior of the lower 14. A screw An air inlet is provided and the capacity of this-inlet 25-may be varied by means of an ad ustable gate 26 and locking nut 27 both threaded on a post 28 held in position by a set screw 29. This inlet constitutes what may be termed a main air-feed. An auxiliary air intake 30 is provided, this intake coming into play only when the main air provide varies with the air feed; that is to say, means a feed cannot supply sufficient air. to the mixing chamber. The auxiliary air intake'is in open communication with a chamber 31 which is closed by an "air-gate 32 normally held in closed position against a stop'33 by means of a very weak'spring 34 made adjustable by means of an adjusting screw 35 and locking nut 36.

That part of the structure above described is, generically considered, old and well known in the art, and its operation is well understood. A more detailed description of this part'of the structure and of its operation is therefore considered unnecessary, and is omitted in the interest of brevity and clearness. The quantity of mixture a 'carbureter must varying power developed by the engine with which it is used. It is highly desirable that this mixture be itself unvarying in richness, otherwise the power of the. engine will be uncertain and unreliable. Although some carbureters heretofore used employed an auxiliary -air feed controlledhy an air-gate operated by the suction ofthe engine, such devices did not provide an means for regulating the flow of the flui under the widely difi'erent conditions constantly met, except the same suction that operated the air-gate. The specific gravity of the liquid fluid and the gase ous fluid or air is widely different; conse- 'quently, the same force of suction. could not have equal effect upon the two fluids. The resultantmixture was an uneven mixture,

constantly varying with the varying suction.

Uneven mixture'results in uneven and uncertain ower. This is one of the most serious de ects of all gasolene engines. To overcome this difficulty, the-present invention provides means cooperating with the fluid and air feeds to vary the flow of the fluid in accordance with the variations of the I re provided for pro ortionately increasing the flui to the mixing chamber when it is necessary to intake an increased quantity of air and this flow is regulated mechanically and. independent of the suction, so that the varying force exerted by the suction on the two fluids iscompensated and an unvarying 'mixture is produced. This means may vary in construction within wide limits. While tion, a chamber 40 surroun hollow the flow of.

in certain constructions other means be employed for this purpose,'it is regarded as best to employ a fluid regulator operated-by the air feed so that the fluid feed is directly controlled by the air feed itself, the air'feed being in turn controlled by the suction of the'engine. When a fluid regulator is employed it may varyin construction within wide limits. In the device trate the invention, however, the fluid feed includes a vertical standpipe 37 screwed or otherwise fastened to the plug 21 before referred to. in communication with the interior of p s float chamber to theupper or delivery end of the standpipe. The bore of the standpipe is somewhat I bureters, the increased size being the for the purpose of permitting an increased flow of fluid when. necessary and to avoid unnecessary capillary resistance. The top of the standpipe ter of the plane the fluid within that includes the surface of the float chamber so that tipping of the carbureter will not affect the flow of fluid to the top of the standpipe or its natural level at that point. noted that the standpip'e is arranged to discharge upwardly into the mixing chamber 38 located directly over the standpipe.

What has been herein termed the mainso that the fluid readily flows from the.

lies approximately at the censelected to illus- The interlor of this standpipe is larger than-usual in car It will be air feed includes, in the device selected to illustrate the invention, a tube 39 surrounding the standpipe and arranged to discharge upwardly to the mixing chamber. It is to be understood, however, that in certain constructions an'air guide other than the tube shownmay be used. The tube 39 1s secured in the shelll and its lower end 1s in communication with the airinlet 25 from which;

it draws the air.

The variable-auxiliary air feed includes,

in the device selected to illustrate the invending the tube 39 and in communication with the auxiliary air intake 30 before referred to. Itis of course to be understood that in certain construe tions a device other than the chamber 40 may be used to conduct the auxiliary air to the mixing chamber.

By the construction 311st described the main air feedv conducts a normal quantity of air to theflmixing chamber under normal conditions, this air taking the form of a column within which the fluid 18 caused to travel. Ina similar manner, when it-is-necessary to take in more air, the auxiliaryair feed concentric column within which the normal air and fluid are flowing. This symmetrical arrangement produces a more even mlxture than other constructions.

While in certain'constructions, the fluid, regulator above referre'd' to. may be other conducts more air in another wise constructedtin the best constructions and as shown, it includes a needle valve 41 mounted 111 line with the axis of the stand pipe and arranged to close the opening of the same at its upper or delivery end. Forthe purpose of guiding the valve 41, there is provided a spider 42 carrying a bearing through which the valve is adapted to slide. For the purpose of making the needle valve adjustable with respect to the standpipe so that the flow of fluid through the standpipe may be accurately regulated, there is provided a screw 43 pinned to the stem of the valve near its upper end. This screw works in a nut 44 which, in a manner hereinafter to bedescribed, is held against longitudinal movement. The stem is further provided wlth a gear 45 which is in mesh with a pinion 46 mounted on a post 47 carried by the frame of the device. The pinion 46 has an elongated hub 48 which projects through a cap or cover 49 at the top of the device. The upper end of the post 47 is provided with a thread upon which a lock nut 50 works and operates to lock the pinion 46 in any position in which it lies when the nut 1s screwed down. It will be readily understood that when the nut is slackened, the

ar 45 may be turned any desired degree oy turning the hub 48, and that when this IS done the point of the valve will be moved toward or away from the end of the standpipe through the medium of the screw 43 and nut 44, thereby regulating the opening of the same. For the purpose of preventing any movement of the valve due to backlash between the screw 43 and the nut 44, a spring 51 is provided which operates to constantly 1 press the valve downward. \Vhile in certain constructions the air-gate may be otherwise constructed; in the best constructions and as shown,'the air-gate 32 before referred to is mounted to swing in the opening of the chamber 31.

53 carried in cups 54 threaded in the frame of the device and held by means of set screws 55.- Upon theupper end of the hub 52, the nut 44 is clamped in a manner well known to mechanics, the hub of the nut be mg provided with split wings brought together by means of screws indicated at 56. As before stated, the nut 44 is held against longitudinal movement, this being accomphshed its connection with the hub of the air-gate which can turn or swing on the ball bearings but cannot move up dr down. When the air-gate is swung by incoming air, the nut'44 will also be swung. The gear 45, pinned to the stem of the needle valve 41 and engaging the pinion 46, prevents the valve and the screw 43 from turning. The result of this arrangement is that every time the air-gate swings, the needle valve is This airgate 1s prov1ded wlth an elongated hub 52 which is mounted in suitable ball bearingslimits In the best constructions, however,

and as shown, the film forming device con sists of a cup-shapedstructure 57 formed on .the lower end of the'bearing of the spider 42 through which the valve works. This structure has a keen knife-like edge past which the fluid flows on its way to the mixing chamber. The suction that operates to draw it over thisknife-like edge also oper-- ates to draw air through the main air. feed with it. \Vhen the fluid is drawn to this thin film, its union with the air rushing along with it is more perfect than when it is sprayed into the air in more or less globular form.

For the purpose of controlling the flow of the mixture from the device, there is provided a throttle valve 58 mounted on a shaft 59 journaled in the frame of the device. To the projecting end of this shaft a lever 60 is secured, and stops 61 and 62 are provided to limit the movement of the lever. To the lever connect-ions leading to any desired point may be made.

In view of the foregoing, a more detailed description of the operation of the device is deemed unnecessary and is therefore omitted in the interest of brevity and clearness.

Changes and variations may be made in the structures by means of which the invention is carried into effect. The invention therefore is not to be restricted to the precise details of the structure shownand described.

What is claimed is:

1. In a carbureter, the combination with a vertical fluid standpipe arranged to .discharge upwardly, of a stationary cup-shaped film forming device arranged over the standpipe and cooperating therewith, and an adjustable needle valve working through the film forming device to control the flow of fluid from the standpipe, substantially as described.

2. In a carburetor, the combination with a fluid feed, of a fluid regulator including a needle valve, a variable air feed including a swinging air-gate, and means movable about the axis of the valve said means cooperating with the swinging air-gate and valve to vary the flow of the fluid in accordance with the variations of the air feed, substantially as described. 3. In a carbureter, the combination with. a

fluid feed, of a fluid regulator including a needle valve, a variable .air feed including a swinging air-gate, and means operated by' the swinging air-gate and movable about the axis of thevalve for operating said valve, substantially as described.

4. In a carbureter, the combination with a fluid regulator including a needle valve, of a variable air feed including an air-gate swinging about the axis of the valve, and connections between the valve and air-gate whereby movement of the air-gate produces longitudinal movement of the valve, substantially as described.

5. In a carbureter, the combination with a fluid regulator including a needle valve, of a variable air feed including an air-gate swinging about the axis of the valve, and connections including a screw and nut whereby movement of the air-gate produces longitudinal movement of the valve, substantially as described.

6. In a carbureter, the combination with a fluid regulator including a needle valve, of a variable air feed including an air-gate swinging about the axis of the valve, a screw carried by the valve, and a nut carried by the air-gate and engaging the screw, substantially as described.

7. In a carbureter, the combination with a fluid feed including a standpipe, of a main air feed, an auxiliary variable air feed including a swinging air-gate, a fluid regulator including a needle valve, a screw carried by the valve, a nut engaging the screw and carried by the swinging air-gate, and adjusting mechanism for the valve, substantially as described.

, 8. In a carbureter, the combination with a needle valve, of adjusting mechanism for the valve, an airgate, and connections including a nut turned by the airgate and a cooperating screw carried by the valve whereby the airgate operates the valve, substantially as described.

9. In a carbureter, the combination with a needle valve, of an airgate, and connections including a nut turned by the airgate and a cooperating screw carried bythe valve whereby the airgate operates the valve, substantially as described. 7 p

10. In a carbureter, the combination with a spring pressed needle valve, of a spring pressed airgate, and connections includinga nut turned by the airgate and a cooperating screw carried by the valve whereby the airgate operates the valve, substantially as described.

11. In a carbureter, the combination with a fluid standpipe, of a needle valve working on the line of the-axis of the standpipe, an airgate, and connections including a nut turned by the airgate and a cooperating screw carried by the valve whereby the airgate operates the valve, substantially as described.

12. In a carbureter, the combination with a vertical fluid standpipe, of a valve working onthe line of the axis of the standpipe, an airgate swinging in horizontal planes, and connections including a nut turned by the airgate and a cooperating screw carried by the valve whereby the airgate operates the valve, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JONATHAN PETERSON.

Witnesses:

SYDNEY I. Pnnscorr, G. P. STACY. 

